What are crop circles? –
Crop rotation means –
Crop rotation is the process of planting different types of crops in a specific sequence at fixed intervals in an area of land. It is called crop rotation.
That is, the process of planting crops in a given area to maintain the fertility of the land for a certain period is called crop rotation.
What is a Crop? –
We all know that all living organisms need food to survive. In ancient times man was used for agriculture. There was no information about this, and they obtained their food from self-grown plants and trees. Eventually, the population began to grow and human civilization flourished. The man started working on the land to fulfill his food needs.
As the years passed, the mental development of humans took place and the population started increasing. The increasing food needs of man led to the development of a time-bound crop production program to meet those needs. Plants produce food to meet human needs according to a plan. Crops are plants that have been specially grown to meet human needs. A crop is a group of plants that depend on a large area for sustenance and are grown for economic reasons.
Types Of Crops In India –
There are 3 types of farming done in India based on season, which are as follows-
1. Kharif Crop –
Monsoon season is the time of the year when crops are grown in the country. These crops are also called rainy-season crops. Crops require moisture and normal temperatures when planted, but the crop will mature best when the fruit is warm when it is ripe. Crops such as paddy, maize, millet, groundnut, urad, moong, and groundnut require more dust harvested during the Kharif season.
2. Rabi Crop –
Rabi crops are generally grown in the winter season. The months of October and November are usually busy. Rabi crops require less heat and water to grow than other crops. The Rabi crop is usually sown in October. Lentils, mustard, gram, wheat, peas, barley, potatoes, tobacco, sugarcane, and sugar beet are some of the crops grown in different parts of the world.
3. Zaid Crop –
The crops which are grown in the remaining time between Kharif and Rabi crops are called Zaid crops. The crop which is sown in this season gets ripe early. The crop of Zaid is mainly grown between March and June. This farm includes crops like wheat and tomatoes.
History of crop rotation Since the beginning of civilization –
Farmers have opted to grow crops in fields to help ensure a consistent food supply. In this sequence, the fertility of the land was maintained by growing trees. Due to the indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers in the market, today the farmer does not remember the crop cycle.
Since long ago, man has been growing different types of crops to provide food. Crops vary throughout the year depending on the season. It is important to grow crops like gram, peas, lentils, tur, urad, moong, cowpea, and rajma to produce more valuable crops.
Crop rotation involves farmers planting different crops in different years to prevent pests and diseases from becoming too common. The farmers of the past depended on their resources to meet their needs. They used to grow rice crops, but today most farmers produce only one crop indiscriminately in the market.
Benefits of crop rotation –
Farmer and farm complement each other. In such a situation, only the farmers get the benefit of it. Crop rotation gives great benefits to the crops grown in the fields.
• Crop rotation improves the fertility of the soil.
• The carbon-nitrogen ratio in the soil is increasing.
• The pH and alkalinity of the soil are improved.
• The land has been improved in terms of its structure.
• Soil erosion can be prevented by keeping the land in healthy condition.
• Crops are kept free from diseases and pests by using control measures.
• Weeds are destroyed.
• There is income throughout the year.
• Toxic substances do not accumulate in the soil.
Principles of crop rotation –
We have talked about the benefits of crop rotation, but you need to understand its principles. Considering the basics of crop rotation, it is important to note how it can help your farm. Here are some basic principles we believe in.
• Crops that require less water will require more manure to produce crops that require more water.
• After weeding and hoeing the pulse crop, the most effective products will be obtained by weeding and hoeing the desired crop.
• To keep the soil in good condition after a high-nutrient crop, you should not plant anything in the field for a few years.
• After growing crops that have deep roots, the farmer has to incorporate the products to meet the local demand.
Keep these things in mind while adopting crop rotation –
It is important always to remember not to pick the same type of crop or the same quality crop in your rotation schedule. This can lead to a lack of nutrients in the soil and make it difficult for insects to survive. Its risk may increase.
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If you are harvesting cucumbers, do not harvest watermelons or melons after that. If you are planning on growing cauliflower, it is best to wait a few weeks after planting cabbage or broccoli. If you are harvesting potatoes after harvesting tomatoes, do not harvest any other crops for a few weeks.
The reason for crop rotation is not to harm the environment. But in Rural India, you will find many important blogs about issues like agriculture and mechanization, government planning, and rural development. You can learn a lot by reading them, and you can inspire others to do the same.
By Chanchal Sailani | September 27, 2022, | Editor at Gurugrah_Blogs.
