Data communication –
Humans are the only creatures on earth that are able to communicate with each other through language. Man uses this gift in a way that goes beyond what was intended. People these days in communication these distances, time, and physical presence are not important as they form a communication system through which they can communicate with their loved ones. You can share images, videos, texts, and files anytime, anywhere. And more such as can communicate or sharing data.
Communication is a process by which multiple computers share information, instructions, and resources. In other words, communication is a process or action in which we can send or receive data. An autonomous computer is a collection of computers that are not controlled by another computer.
Type of data communication –
As we know that data communication is communication in which we can send or receive data from one device to another. Data communication is divided into three types:
1. Simplex Communication
2. Half Duplex Communication
3. Full-Duplex Communication
1. Simplex Communication –
One-way communication is one where one device is the sender and the other is the receiver. Both of them use their full power in transmitting the data. For example, in IoT, collecting data using a keyboard, listening to music using speakers, etc.
2. Half Duplex Communication –
It is two-way communication in which both devices can send and receive data, but not at the same time. When one device sends data, the other device only receives it, and vice versa. For example, a walkie-talkie.
3. Full-Duplex Communication –
It is a two-way communication where both devices can send and receive data at the same time. For example, mobile phones, landlines, and other communication devices.
Benefits of data communication –
Data communication has the following advantages:
• Saving the time taken to physically send the data and prepare the data.
• Full utilization of the processing power and storage capacity of modern computers.
• Faster retrieval of information from the file.
• File duplication and accuracy
• Exchange of data at low cost.
Categories of communication media -
A communication channel is a medium that connects two or more workstations. Workstations can be connected to wired or wireless media. Transmission is also known as a medium. A transmission medium or channel is a link that can carry messages between two or more devices. There are two types of media: those that are factual and those that are not.
1. Guided Media Broadcasting
2. Unguided Media Transmission
1. Directed Media Broadcasting –
In this transmission medium, a physical link is created between two or more computers or devices using wires or cables, and these data are then in the form of signals. There are different types of guided media broadcasting, including those that provide information, entertainment, and/or education.
i. Twisted pair cable – It is the most common type of wire used in communication. In a twisted-pair cable, each wire is twisted together with another wire of the cable. When the wire is twisted, the stock goes down. This is known as signal leakage, which can corrupt the signal and cause network errors. Twisting the wire protects it from internal crosstalk and external interference.
Types of twisted pair cable:
• Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) It is widely used in computers and telephones. As the name suggests, there is no external shielding so it does not protect against external interference. It is cheaper than STP.
• Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) This shield provides greater protection against crosstalk. The shielding protects against external interference. It is heavy and expensive compared to UTP.
ii. Coaxial cable –
The core of the antenna is made of a solid wire. The surrounding shields help keep the signal strong. The inner core of the coaxial cable carries the signal, while the outer shield provides the ground. TV signals are generally used for broadcasting and are also commonly used for security purposes. Data transmission of this cable is better but more expensive than twisted pair.
iii. Optical Fibre –
Optical fiber is a very important technology. The cable is capable of transmitting a lot of data quickly due to its large size. Optic fiber carries data in the form of light that travels inside a thin glass fiber. Fiber optic cable is made up of three pieces: a jacket, a core, and a cladding.
• Core: The core is the piece through which light travels. It is usually made using glass or plastic.
• Cladding: This is the covering of the core and reflects light back to the core.
• Sheath: This is the protective cover that protects the fiber cable from the environment.
2. Unguided Media Transmission –
An unmanaged transmission medium is a transmission mode in which signals are transmitted wirelessly from one device to another. Signals can be wind, water, or water droplets that can be waved through light. It is commonly used to send signals in all directions. There are different types of media, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. Some media can be effectively used to inform or entertain, while others are more biased and may spread misinformation.
i. Microwave –
Allows communication without the use of microwave cables. Microwave signals are similar to radio and television signals. The method is used in long-distance communication. It is completed. Microwave transmission involves a transmitter, receiver, and the surrounding environment. In microwave communication, parabolic antennas are used to send a team from one antenna to another.
ii. Radio waves –
Radio waves are a type of communication that can be sent through the air using radio frequencies. A wheelchair provides mobility. A radio transmitter and receiver are both necessary to receive and transmit radio signals. Antennas are used to emit and receive signals.
iii. Infrared –
Wireless communication is of short distance and can pass through any object. The term “mouse” is commonly used in remote controls, wireless mice, etc.
By Chanchal Sailani | September 27, 2022, | Editor at Gurugrah_Blogs.
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