10 Theories on the Origin of Language, Forms, and Definition | Gurugrah. in

Origin of the language -

If we talk more about the language, it is impossible to form a definite opinion on its origin. As we mentioned in an earlier article, language is closely linked with the origin and development of beings on Earth. Linguists believe that signs were initially used by humans to express their thoughts and to understand the feelings and thoughts of others.

With the development of human education, civilization, and culture, the signs of these languages also changed, and the signs were replaced by sounds. These sounds later became words and transformed the form of sentences and spoken language. Also called verbal or sensory, its prevalence has increased. Humans gradually developed scripts for these sounds, which culminated in writing. The origin and development of language have a long and complex history.

Meaning of the word 'language' -

As we know, Sanskrit is the origin of the Hindi language, which is why Hindi is derived from Sanskrit. The word 'Bhasha' is derived from the Sanskrit root 'Bhasha'. Language means to speak, to say, or to speak. Thus, the general meaning of language was the expression of one's thoughts or feelings as a person. Language is a means of exchange of ideas and thoughts. If we talk about language in a definitional way, then “that set of absolutely definite sound and utterance signs which helps in the expression of ideas by deepening the interpersonal contact of man, it is called language.”

Forms of language -

Today, people communicate in three main ways: through spoken words, written words, and pictures or images.

(1) oral

(2) written

(3) indicative

(1) Oral –

If the set of vowel signals spoken by the human mouth is meaningful, it is called spoken language. This form of language is easily accessible from the social environment. It is. With the birth of a human being, relationships start forming between him and his parents and other family members. This process begins to speak slowly. Therefore, the verbal form is the natural and fundamental language. The form can be said. No matter how educated or illiterate a person is, everyone uses this spoken language.

The only difference between educated and illiterate people is that educated people use pure language. Every language has many sounds, and these sounds are the fundamental building blocks of spoken language. Words are made up of different sounds that are used in sentences. This form of language is temporary and transitory.

(2) Written –

As human civilization developed, people started expressing their thoughts and feelings in writing. This was facilitated by the use of various symbols in the language. These symbols represent different types of people. Just as the basic unit of spoken language is 'sound', similarly the basic unit of written language is 'varna'. Written language is the most enduring form of language, which we use to communicate our thoughts in many ways. Can go on for many years. There is evidence of this, even today many manuscripts of texts and literature are available to us.

(3) Indicative –

Sometimes we express our thoughts or feelings through signs or even gestures. For example, if a mute person wants to express his feelings, he will definitely express his expressions with his hands, fingers and facial expressions, etc. Many times in our daily life, by pointing with our faces, eyes, fingers, etc., we tell children or others about coming or going, etc. In this way, it is a language even though it is in signs. Animals and birds also understand a lot from our signals, gestures, and behavior. Similarly, we also understand the speech of animals, and bird animals very well. Thus even silent signs have a language.

Language is a normal and continuous process of human life, which God has given to mankind as a priceless gift.

Theories of language origin –

1. Divine – Principle –

This is the most commonly accepted theory about the origin of language. Proponents of this theory believe that language originated from human creation as well as divine power and, like other things, it was also created by the creator. Most religious followers believe that it is a doctrine that was created by God. This is why many religious founders have called their respective religious texts created by God. The Vedas are said to be eternal and to see the creation of God continuously.

2. Hint – Theory –

It is also called judgment theory, symbolism, and acceptance. Initially, humans may have used their bodies to communicate emotions. They would have fixed symbols for various expressions and things based on the social agreement in the later period with a special process. Thus, language arose from the exchange of ideas to determine sound signs.

3. Metal Theory –

The various names of Lord Ranan are Ranan, Anuranan, Anuranan-Mulk, Ding Dang, etc. The theory is of Plato, and Professor Hess has put it in a systematic form. Max Müller also has an important contribution to its Pallaban. According to this theory, all objects in the universe produce sound. Initially, when people came into contact with external objects, they could form words based on the sounds they emitted.

Origin of language, this number was reduced to 400-500 depending on which language originated. Thus, as humans came into contact with new objects, they often used sound cues to communicate with each other. Once humans developed language, they used sound cues to communicate with each other. will use. This process is finally completed.

4. Impulse – Theory –

This is called emotional expressionism or emotional expressionism. The theory claims that the sound created by an acute emotion is involuntarily emitted from the mouth. It can be heard in joy, sorrow, joy, and awe, among others. in contempt and hatred. The origin and development of language are believed to be from these noises.

5. Yo-hey ho principle –

It is also known as Shram Pariharan Mulkatabad. The exponent of this theory is Navarre. The theory behind this is that when a person does physical exertion, his breathing rate increases. The speed at which they breathe increases. Sometimes, some sounds are produced spontaneously as a result of increased muscle contraction and expansion in the vocal cords and larynx. For the person who is working hard, take a break. When washing, the washerman says "choo-choo" or "heo-hyo".The sailor (sailor) says "Namaste" when he is tired.

6. Simulation -

Theory - Sound imitation and Bo-Bo theory is also known as the theory of mimicry. Max Müller called that theory "bho-bho" based on the way the dog barks, deriving the Hindi pejorative term for a dog. This theory suggests that language originated from the imitation of nature's animal-bird, river-river, and lightning cloud. I can't find similar words in any other language. Words like eyebrows, jhar jhar, cham-chum, and gad-gad come in Hindi. they are used.

7. Pointing Principle –

Its exponent is Dr. Rai. According to this theory, man first used language in the imitation of his physical efforts in different contexts, and from this, language originated. For example, when a person drinks water, the sound of 'pa' 'pa' is made with the touch of the lips again and again. The word 'drink' was coined on its imitation.

8. Contact Principle –

The exponent of this theory is the famous psychologist G. There are raves. According to him, at the time of the formation of human society, some sounds must have come out naturally from the sense of contact. The language would have been formed by their development.

9. Music Theory –

The credit for coming up with this theory goes to Darwin, Spencer, and Yepsson. He says that in the beginning man must have been musically fond. By humming from time to time, the meaningless sounds would have gradually developed and become meaningful. From this, the language must have originated.

10. Coordination Theory –

The theory was first proposed by Henry Sweet. He realized that language could not originate from any of the principles listed above, so he decided to combine all the theories to accept the form. He has said that as all the things of the world develop, in the same way, language has also evolved over time. It has described the evolution in the form of imitation, expression, and symbolism.

In conclusion, we can say that the origin of language is in the order of development of words formed on the basis of different sounds.